The Hindu Lead Article (Throttled at the grass roots) – Sep 09, 2019
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Pradeep Choudhary
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10-September-2019 11:43:02 AM
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The Hindu Lead Article (Throttled at the grass roots) – Sep 09, 2019
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throttle (verb) – suppress, control/restrict, stifle.
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grass root (noun) – the most basic level of an organisation.
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hamstrung (adjective) – counterproductive, ineffective/ineffectual, futile/pointless.
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bidding (noun) – command, order, instruction.
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decentralisation (noun) – the process of distributing or dispersing functions, powers, people or things away from a central location or authority.
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devolve (verb) – delegate, pass down, transfer/assign.
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accountable (adjective) – answerable, responsible.
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in spite of (phrase) – despite, notwithstanding, regardless of.
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fanfare (noun) – publicity, media attention, display/showiness.
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ground (noun) – reason, cause, basis/factor.
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devolution (noun) – decentralization, delegation, distribution.
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envision (verb) – imagine, visualize, envisage.
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imply (verb) – say indirectly, suggest, hint.
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back (verb) – support, endorse, uphold.
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basket (noun) – group.
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the wherewithal (noun) – resources, funds, reserves, money.
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carry out (phrasal verb) – conduct, perform, execute.
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not by a long shot (phrase) – by no means, not at all, in no way.
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enjoin (verb) – prohibit, ban/bar, prevent.
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habitation (noun) – place of residence, house, dwelling (place), abode.
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sanitation (noun) – it generally refers to the provision of facilities and services for the safe disposal of human urine and faeces (Courtesy: WHO).
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provision (noun) – facilities, services, amenities.
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lie in (phrasal verb) – be present, be contained, exist.
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set apart (phrasal verb) – distinguish, differentiate, single out/separate.
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nail in the coffin (phrase) – an event/action that was considered as a harmful/destructive to something (a situation/person) which is already becoming weak.
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furthermore (adverb) – moreover, in addition, additionally.
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subsequently (adverb) – afterwards, later on, eventually.
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alibi (noun) – defence, justification, explanation.
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matrix (noun) – pattern, form; environment/situation.
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delimitation (noun) – an act of fixing boundary or limits.
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downside (noun) – drawback, disadvantage, stumbling block.
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centralisation (noun) – the process of having functions, powers, people or things only in a central location or authority.
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a host of (noun) – lot, large number, great quantity.
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beaming (adjective) – expression of an emotion (happy, cheerful, smiling/laughing).
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homily (noun) – lecture, discourse, talk.
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inimical (adjective) – hostile, unfriendly, opposed/unfavourable.
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ring fence (verb) – guarantee that (funds allocated for a particular plan) will not be spent on anything else.
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taint (verb) – corrupt, infect, damage.
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travesty (noun) – misrepresentation, distortion/perversion, poor imitation.
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champion (verb) – advocate, promote, support.
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outrage (noun) – indignation, fury, anger.
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shortchange (verb) – treat unfairly, defraud, deceive, trick.
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allege (verb) – declare, affirm, claim.
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strike (a) deal (phrase) – to come to an agreement.
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behest (noun) – instruction, requirement, wish/desire.
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decentralise (verb) – transfer of the power/control (of a department/organisation/government) from a single place to other locations.
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erroneously (adjective) – incorrectly, in a mistaken way.
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curb (verb) – restrain, restrict, control.
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revitalise (verb) – re-energize, strengthen, revive.
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erroneous (adjective) – wrong, incorrect, in error.
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pretend (verb) – claim, profess, make believe.
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cosmetic (adjective) – superficial, outward, external.
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facilitate (verb) – make easier, clear the way for, assist/help.
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thrust (verb) – force, push, drive.
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reluctant (adjective) – unwilling, disinclined, unenthusiastic.
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top-down (adjective) – hierarchical; controlled, directed, or organized from the top level.
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accountability (noun) – responsibility, liability, answerability.
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messy (adjective) – complex, intricate, confused.
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appropriate (verb) – allocate, assign, allot, earmark, set apart.
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robust (adjective) – strong, powerful, tough.
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get off someone’s back (phrase) – to stop bothering/criticizing someone about something.
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stay away (phrasal verb) – avoid, eschew, abstain, fend off/hold off.
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hold (someone) to account (phrase) – to require a person to explain or to accept responsibility for his or her actions; to blame or punish someone for what has occurred
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